International processes
Forests cover different ecological zones across the world: the boreal conifer forests of Canada, Finland and Russia are quite different to the tropical forests of South America and Asia. It is for this reason that the Rio Declaration was followed up by several different international processes which defined sustainable forest management according to local circumstances and the stakeholders involved.
An example from Europe
In Europe, the respective national ministers responsible for forestry met in Helsinki in 1993 and agreed on European criteria and indicators for sustainable forest management in Europe. The diagram below shows that the definition of sustainability is broad and there are many different issues involved.
The Lisbon declaration in 1998, gave further recognition to the social and cultural importance of forestry in Europe.
UPM's own forests
UPM owns one million hectares of forestry land in Canada, Finland, the UK and the USA.
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UPM tools
UPM has developed policies and tools that have the sustainable management of forests as their focus.
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